Under what circumstances can a counselor disclose confidential information to protect clients or others?

Disclosing confidential information to protect clients or others is primarily governed by ethical guidelines and legal mandates. The correct choice clarifies that counselors can share confidential information when there is a legal requirement to do so or when it is essential to prevent serious and foreseeable harm. This is a critical stipulation within the counseling profession that prioritizes the safety and well-being of clients and those who may be impacted by the client’s actions.

For instance, if a counselor believes a client poses a threat to themselves or others, or if they are required by law to report instances of abuse or neglect, they must take appropriate action to prevent potential harm. This aligns with the ethical responsibility counselors have to prioritize safety while balancing the need for confidentiality.

In contrast, the other options do not meet the stringent criteria for when confidentiality can be ethically breached. Believing that sharing information may benefit the client or feeling that it is ethically appropriate does not constitute sufficient grounds for a disclosure. Additionally, disclosing information simply because a client requests it does not take into account the potential implications on safety or legal obligations. This emphasizes the importance of a structured framework in which counselors operate to ensure ethical practice while safeguarding their clients and others.